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“The intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, that either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment, or deprivation.” The World Health OrganizationWorld report on violence and health (WRVH)

The World Health Organization
World report on violence and health (WRVH)

It’s important to understand what qualifies as violence.

The World Report on Violence and Health (WRVH) also presents a typology of violence that, while not uniformly accepted, can be a useful way to understand the contexts in which violence occurs and the interactions between types of violence.

This typology distinguishes four modes in which violence may be inflicted: physical; sexual; and psychological attack; and deprivation.

It further divides the general definition of violence into three sub-types according to the victim-perpetrator relationship.

Self-directed violence refers to violence in which the perpetrator and the victim are the same individual and is subdivided into self-abuse and suicide.

Interpersonal violence refers to violence between individuals, and is subdivided into family and intimate partner violence and community violence. The former category includes child maltreatment; intimate partner violence; and elder abuse, while the latter is broken down into acquaintance and stranger violence and includes youth violence; assault by strangers; violence related to property crimes; and violence in workplaces and other institutions.

Collective violence refers to violence committed by larger groups of individuals and can be subdivided into social, political and economic violence.

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What Is Violence?
The intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, that either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment, or deprivation. – The World Health Organization defines violence in the World report on violence and health (WRVH)

What Is Self-Directed Violence?
Violence in which the perpetrator and the victim are the same individual and is subdivided into self-abuse and suicide.

What Is Interpersonal Violence?
Violence between individuals, and is subdivided into family and intimate partner violence and community violence. The former category includes child maltreatment; intimate partner violence; and elder abuse, while the latter is broken down into acquaintance and stranger violence and includes youth violence; assault by strangers; violence related to property crimes; and violence in workplaces and other institutions.

What Is Collective Violence?
Violence committed by larger groups of individuals and can be subdivided into social, political and economic violence.

What Is Abuse?
Abuse is defined as the systematic pattern of behaviors that are used to gain and/or maintain power and control over another.  Specifically, abuse refers to harmful or injurious treatment of another human being that may include physical, sexual, psychological or emotional maltreatment.

What Is Domestic Violence?
Also known as intimate partner violence, Domestic Violence is defined as any use of physical or sexual force, actual or threatened, in an intimate relationship. It may include a single act of violence, or a number of acts forming a pattern of abuse through the use of assaultive and controlling behaviour. The pattern of abuse may include:

  • Physical abuse
  • Emotional abuse
  • Psychological abuse
  • Sexual abuse
  • Criminal harassment (stalking)
  • Threats to harm children, other family members, pets, and property

The violence is used to intimidate, humiliate or frighten a partner of an intimate relationship, or to make them powerless.

What Defines An Intimate Relationship?
These relationships vary in duration and legal formality, and include:

  • Current and former dating relationships
  • Current and former common-law relationships
  • Current and former married relationships
  • Persons who are the parents of one or more children, regardless of their marital status or whether they have lived together at any time

External Resources

http://www.healthycanadians.gc.ca/publications/department-ministere/state-public-health-family-violence-2016-etat-sante-publique-violence-familiale/alt/pdf-eng.pdf

Le Réseau d'action communautaire contre la violence (CANAA) est un réseau de fournisseurs de services et de personnes des communautés de Stormont, Dundas, Glengarry et Akwesasne qui travaillent ensemble pour mettre fin à la violence.